I. Tujuan
Perobaan
1) Mengukur panjang, dan volume benda yang berbentuk teratur/tidak teratur
menggunakan alat ukur seperti mistar penggaris, jangka sorong, mikrometer skrup dan gelas ukur.
2) Menganalisis
data menggunakan teori pengukuran berulang
II.Teori
Mengukur adalah membandingkan sesuatu yang diukur dengan besaran sejenis yang ditetapkan sebagai satuan. Sedangkan Besaran adalah segala sesuatu yang dapat diukur dan dinyatakan dengan angka serta dilengkapi dengan satuan.Seorang pengamat membandingkan jarak yang diukur dengan alat ukur panjang yang dilengkapi dengan satuan panjang, kemudian menaksirnya. Begitu mulai melakukan pengukuran kuantitatif, pengamat memerlukan suatu sistem satuan untuk memungkinkan pengamat dapat berkomunikasi dengan orang lain dan juga untuk membandingkan hasil pengukuran pengamat. Sistem satuan yang digunakan dalam komunikasi tersebut harus dalam sistem satuan internasional SI.Untuk memperoleh pengukuran yang lebih teliti digunakan alat ukur dengan ketelitian yang lebih tinggi seperti jangka sorong dan mikrometer skrup.
1. Jangka sorong
Jangka sorong umumnya digunakan untuk mengukur diameter dalam benda, misalnya
diameter cincin. Jangka sorong juga dapat mengukur diameter luar sebuah benda, misalnya
diameter kelereng. Jangka sorong terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu rahang tetap dan rahang
geser, seperti gambar di bawah ini.
Jangka sorong juga terdiri dari dua skala, yaitu skala utama dan skala nonius (vernier).
Sepuluh skala utama memiliki panjang 1 cm, sedangkan 10 skala nonius memiliki panjang
0,9 cm. Beda satu skala nonius dengan satu skala utama adalah 0,1 cm – 0,09 cm atau 0,01
mm. Jadi, skala terkecil jangka sorong adalah 0,1 mm atau 0,01 cm. Ketelitian jangka
sorong adalah setengah dari skala terkecil.Jadinya ketelitian jangka sorong adalah:
2. Mikrometer skrup
Bagian – bagian dari sebuah mikrometer sekrup terdiri dari skala utama yang tertera
pada selubung dan skala nonius tertera pada selubung luar. Jika selubung diputar lengkap
1 kali, rahang geser dan juga selubung luar maju atau mundur 0,5 mm.
Karena selubung luar memiliki 50 skala, maka 1 skala pada selubung luar sama dengan
jarak maju atau mundur rahang geser sejauh 0,5 mm/ 50 = 0,01 mm. Jadi,skala terkecil
mikrometer sekrup adalah 0,01 mm atau 0,001 cm. Dan ketelitian mikrometer sekrup
adalah
3. Gelas ukur
Gelas ukur digunakan selain untuk mengukur volume cairan, dapat juga digunakan
untuk mengukur volume benda padat ukuran kecil dan memiliki bentuk tidak teratur.
Gelas ukur terdiri dari dua jenis, gelas ukur dan gelas ukur bejana berpancur.
4. Pengolahan
data
III. Alat
dan Bahan
Ø Mistar / penggaris
Ø Jangka sorong
Ø Mikrometer skrup
Ø Kubus kayu
Ø Bola besi / kelereng
Ø Gelas ukur
Ø Koin Rp 500,-
Ø Batu ukuran kecil
IV. Prosedur
Percobaan
Ø Mengukur sisi kubus kayu
sebanyak 3 kali menggunakan penggaris dan mencatatkan ke dalam tabel pengamatan
Ø Mengukur ketebalan uang koin pecahan Rp 500,- menggunakan
mikrometer sekrup sebanyak 3 kali dan mencatatkan ke dalam tabel pengamatan
Ø Mengukur diameter luar
kelereng menggunakan jangka sorong sebanyak 3 kali dan mencatatkannya ke dalam
tabel pengamatan
Ø Mengukur volume batu
ukuran kecil menggunakan gelas ukur sebanyak 3 kali dan mencatatkan ke dalam
tabel data pengamatan
Ø Menganalisis data
pengukuran menggunakan teori sesatan
V.
Data
Pengamatan
Kubus kayu
Percobaan |
Sisi kubus kayu |
1 |
|
2 |
|
3 |
|
Kelereng
Percobaan |
Sisi kubus kayu |
1 |
|
2 |
|
3 |
|
Koin Rp 500,-
Percobaan |
Sisi kubus kayu |
1 |
|
2 |
|
3 |
|
Batu kecil
Percobaan |
Sisi kubus kayu |
1 |
|
2 |
|
3 |
|
DATA PERCOBAAN
I.
JUDUL
PERCOBAAN :
..........................................................................................
II.
TANGGAL
PERCOBAAN : ..........................................................................................
III.
KELAS
:
..........................................................................................
IV.
KELOMPOK
:
..........................................................................................
V.
ABSENSI
:
..........................................................................................
Praktikan
yang hadir :
1.
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2.
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3.
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4.
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5.
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Praktikan yang tidak
hadir :
1.
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2.
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( ) 5.
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3.
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VI.
DATA
PENGAMATAN
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Medan,
Asisten Praktikum
( )
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